royal air force english

The RAF would conduct operations around the globe throughout World War II, but nowhere was its role more conspicuous than during the Battle of Britain. Culture the armed forces the armed forces The British armed forces, sometimes called the services, consist of the Army, the Royal Navy (RN), and the Royal Air Force (RAF).The Queen or King is Commander-in-Chief of all three services, but responsibility for their management lies with the Ministry of Defence (MOD), which is headed by the Secretary of State for Defence. By 1956 the total strength was up to 257,000, but by the early 1960s it had again retracted to about 150,000 (including 6,000 women in the WRAF), the majority of whom were stationed in the U.K. or in Europe as part of NATO forces. Search nearly 14 million words and phrases in more than 470 language pairs. It is the oldest air force in the world. Though most of World War II was fought in the air with aircraft powered by piston engines, the last year of hostilities witnessed the entry on both sides of the newly developed jet engine, which by the early 1960s had almost entirely ousted the piston engine in the RAF. At the outbreak of war on September 3, 1939, the first-line strength of the RAF in the United Kingdom was about 2,000 aircraft. On July 10, 1940, the German air campaign began when the Luftwaffe attempted to clear the English Channel of British convoys. The peacetime pattern for the RAF provided for 33 squadrons, of which 12 would be based in the United Kingdom and 21 overseas. Army Cooperation Command was created in 1940 and Ferry Command (subsequently expanded into Transport Command) in 1941. Mass coronavirus testing efforts leads to award for Rhoose RAF sergeant Barry & District News, Wales 15:28 23-Dec-20. In this they were partially successful because their low-flying aircraft could not be detected on British radar. The British air force, formed in 1918 by amalgamation of the Royal Flying Corps (founded 1912) and the Royal Naval Air Service (founded 1914). The Royal Air Force of Oman has witnessed a quantu m leap in all levels be it new aircraft, modern devices and equipment and highly qualified human resources, … Built on the proud history and traditions of the Australian Flying Corps and the Royal Australian Air Force, we will fight and win by generating integrated kinetic and non-kinetic air and space effects across the sea, land, air, space and cyber operating domains. The Royal Air Force was to provide a preliminary bombardment by 250 bombers and close air support thereafter. RAF Seletar fut une base aérienne de la Royal Air Force (RAF) de 1923 à 1971. Not only had the RAF won the battle over Britain, but it had also defeated a project to invade Britain by sea by destroying the barges and landing craft that the Germans had been assembling. Its most senior rank is usually Air Chief Marshal or General, as you see here. British Hawker Hurricane being flown at an air show in Dunsfold, Surrey, England. During the 15 years from 1920 onward, relatively small air forces repeatedly crushed incipient uprisings in Somaliland, in the Aden protectorate, and on the northwest frontier of India. Marshal of the Royal Air Force definition: 1. the highest rank in the British air force 2. the highest rank in the British air force. On September 7, 1940, the Germans began a series of raids on the capital city that Luftwaffe commanders believed would see the end of the RAF, for they hoped that British Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding would send all his available forces to defend London. On May 13, 1912, a combined Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was formed, with naval and military wings and a Central Flying School at Upavon on Salisbury Plain. Improve your English and try our online English lessons for free. The Tornado was retired in 2019 and replaced with the F-35 Lightning, a multirole aircraft also known as the Joint Strike Fighter. 1 Royal Canadian Air Force Squadron, an element of the Royal Air Force's Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain, 1940. The RAF carried out its first independent operations during the closing months of the war in a series of strategic bombardments of targets in France and Germany by a specialized force of heavy bombers. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Royal Air Force Tornado GR4 during a training exercise. aviat. As these aircraft were retired, there were no obvious successors, and during the Falkland Islands War the British military was forced to rely on civilian aircraft for its transport needs. Here is the rank structure for commissioned ranks of the Royal Air Force. The bomber force was built up as the strategic deterrent, and by 1966 its main armament consisted of Handley Page Victor B.2 and Vulcan B.2 medium bombers, of which a number were armed with Blue Steel air-to-surface nuclear standoff missiles. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Two Saudi Royal Air Force fighter jets escorted the US B-52H Stratofortress bombers across the Kingdom’s airspace on Thursday, the official Saudi Press Agency (SPA) reported on … The Panavia Tornado, a multirole sweep-wing combat aircraft, entered service in 1979 and would serve as the backbone of British air power for the next 40 years. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Royal air force. A Vickers F.B.5 Gunbus, the first production aircraft purpose-built with air-to-air weaponry. Translations in context of "Royal Air Force" in German-English from Reverso Context: Mein Vater war Pilot bei der Royal Air Force. n the air force of the United Kingdom. University air squadrons, the first of which had been formed soon after World War I to teach undergraduates to fly and to encourage them to join the RAF as regular officers, greatly expanded their activities. There are a total of [ 32 ] individual aircraft entries in the Active Royal Air Force (Britain) Aircraft (2021) category in the Military Factory. With the conclusion of the battle for North Africa, the RAF Desert Air Force transitioned to support the Allied campaign in Italy, and the RAF was instrumental in the success of the Allied invasion of Normandy. Canada, Australia, and New Zealand combined to operate the Empire Air Training Scheme, under which each of them recruited and trained pilots, navigators, and radio operators for service with the RAF. Practical recognition of this fact was given, shortly before the end of the war, by the creation of the Royal Air Force. In order to ensure a constant supply of pilots and to build up a reserve, a short-service commission scheme was introduced in 1919. In addition to the Tornado, the RAF fielded the Eurofighter Typhoon, a delta-wing multirole aircraft that entered service in 2003. mil. noun. The reequipment of the bomber force led to fierce controversy over the respective merits of the British TSR 2 and the U.S. swing-wing F-111A; the government decided on the latter, but its order was later withdrawn for economic reasons, and no major reequipment then took place. In the meantime, great air forces were built up in North Africa, Italy, Burma (now Myanmar), and elsewhere. This list of RAF Stations is a list of all current Royal Air Force stations, airfields, and administrative headquarters of the Royal Air Force. royal air force list definition in the English Cobuild dictionary for learners, royal air force list meaning explained, see also 'royal blue',royal family',Royal Highness',royal jelly', English vocabulary The Gunbus was configured as a “pusher” (the propeller was located behind the engine), as engineers had not yet developed a synchronizing device that would allow a machine gun's bullets to pass between the blades of a spinning propeller. Transport aircraft were widely used in campaigns all over Asia to convey vast quantities of food, ammunition, and even vehicles and guns. The need for trained mechanics, possessed of the various skills peculiar to a military aviation service, was met by the School of Technical Training at Halton, Buckinghamshire, where boys 15 years of age were received as apprentices for a three-year course in their chosen trade. From. This interservice command was created to better coordinate the attack, rescue, and support capabilities of British helicopter forces. In it boys received some preliminary air force training with a view to their eventual entry into the RAF. Above all, Dowding proved that an air force could, contrary to accepted military doctrine, fight a successful defensive battle. [WW II, member of the female auxiliary corps of the Royal Air Force] [2. At the conclusion of their engagement, they passed to the reserve of air force officers for a further period of four years. Il s'était engagé dans la Royal Air Force en juillet 1940. The Hawk is used to train fast-jet pilots. This page was last changed on 30 December 2020, at 18:02. Air-to-ground wireless telegraphy allowed aircraft to be used for reconnaissance and spotting for artillery. Search nearly 14 million words and phrases in more than 470 language pairs. hist. Since the prospect of another European war was regarded as remote, the squadrons at home served as a strategic reserve for overseas reinforcement and as service training units for personnel prior to their posting to squadrons abroad. 299.9k Followers, 248 Following, 1,386 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Royal Air Force (@royalairforceuk) Member of the No. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, Aircraft and equipment of the Royal Air Force, https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Royal-Air-Force, Heritage Newfoundland and Labrador - Royal Air Force, CRW Flags - United Kingdom: History of the Royal Air Force, Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). In the seesaw battles in North Africa, the British learned a great deal about highly mobile air warfare. Women's Auxiliary Air Force [Br.] While the British were not the first to make use of heavier-than-air military aircraft, the RAF is the world's oldest independent air force: that is, the first air force to become independent of army or navy control. Omissions? The subsequent deterioration in the international outlook led to a fresh expansion in 1951. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Speeds increased from 60 to 150 miles (97 to 241 km) per hour and engine power from 70 to more than 400 horsepower before the end of the war. When the wartime forces were demobilized in 1945, the total strength of the RAF was reduced to about 150,000. Meaning of Royal Air Force in English: Royal Air Force (also RAF) See synonyms for Royal Air Force. Early in 1942 the RAF bomber command, headed by Sir Arthur Harris, began an intensification of the Allies’ growing strategic air offensive against Germany. An air force is a country's armed force that fights in the air. Instead, Dowding utilized Chain Home, the most advanced early-warning radar system in the world, to dispatch his limited resources to meet threats as they appeared. an air force: a part of a country's military forces which uses aircraft, and fights in the air. Updates? I was a tail gunner for the Royal Air Force. One Team. Over time, the RAF phased out its strategic bomber force entirely, and in 1969 its nuclear deterrence mission passed to the Royal Navy’s nuclear submarine fleet. English Vocabulary tips & definition with Gymglish. With the rapid deterioration of the international outlook in Europe, expansion was greatly increased and accelerated. From June 1941 (six months before the United States entered the war) until the end of hostilities, British aircrew were also trained at civilian-operated schools in the United States. Upon the outbreak of World War I, the RFC, possessing 179 airplanes and 1,244 officers and men, sent an aircraft park and four squadrons to France on August 13, 1914. Its members gave part-time service, undergoing flying and technical training on weekends and during holiday periods. It is the oldest air force in the world. [2] The first man to lead the RAF was Hugh Trenchard. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). The RAF has very new planes including the Eurofighter Typhoon, Panavia Tornado and the BAe Systems Hawk. Finally, though this did not occur until 1941, the Air Training Corps (ATC) replaced the air defense cadet units and the school air cadet corps of the immediate prewar years. These monumental undertakings were reflected by an equally dramatic expansion in numerical strength. The RAF lost great numbers of pilots and aircraft, fighting around the world and especially against the Luftwaffe, the German Air Force. √ 100% FREE. On April 1, 1911, an air battalion of the Royal Engineers was formed, consisting of one balloon and one airplane company. In Iraq, between 1920 and 1932, the RAF exercised military control of the country with a force of eight squadrons of aircraft and two or three companies of armoured cars. By 1923 the prospects of permanent peace in Europe appeared less certain, and a substantial increase in air defense expenditure was decided upon. noun. Listen to the audio pronunciation in English. By this point, the balloon factory had been renamed the Royal Aircraft Factory, and it undertook the design and manufacture of airframes and engines. Translation of British Royal Air Force in English. The Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane helped defend Britain during the Battle of Britain. Meaning and examples for 'Royal Air Force' in Spanish-English dictionary. Armed with light antiaircraft weapons as well as with the ordinary infantry armament, they were trained on commando lines. Translation for: 'royal air force' in English->Hungarian dictionary. Increasing use was made of helicopters, especially for tactical support of the army. WK, Mitglied des Korps der weiblichen Helfer der Royal Air Force ] At the end of September, Göring, having already lost more than 1,650 aircraft, was forced to change to high-altitude night raids that had limited strategic value. For over a hundred years the Royal Air Force has defended the skies of Britain and projected Britain’s power and influence around the world. Sopwith Camel, one of the most effective British fighter aircraft of World War I. Halifax heavy bomber, widely used by the Royal Air Force during World War II. In 1925 an organization known as the Auxiliary Air Force was formed. Beginning in June 1940 and continuing into the next year, the Battle of Britain was fought in the air and endured on the ground. RAF troop strength had declined significantly by the second decade of the 21st century as part of an overall force-reduction strategy implemented by the British military. There were also Balloon, Maintenance, Reserve, and Training commands. Definition. July 22, 1918 - An "Entry Card" for the Royal Air Force provides the following information: He is a cadet. Translate British Royal Air Force in English online and download now our free translator to use any time at no charge. It is the world’s oldest independent air force. To provide the crews for the additional aircraft, the RAF Volunteer Reserve and the Civil Air Guard were formed to give training at civilian schools and flying clubs. Translation for 'Royal Air Force' in the free English-Dutch dictionary and many other Dutch translations. It was formed on 1 April 1918 by merging the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service, as a response to the events of the First World War. The RAF has many bases across the world, including the UK, Falkland Islands, Cyprus and Gibraltar. External links. The Royal Air Force (sometimes called RAF, its acronym), is the air force of the United Kingdom.The RAF began in 1918 when the Royal Flying Corps (spoken as 'core') and the Royal Naval Air Service joined together. Young men were commissioned for four years (subsequently increased to six), of which the first year was spent in training, followed by service in active squadrons. Of the RAF’s conduct in the Battle of Britain, Prime Minister Winston Churchill declared, “Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.”. The RAF were very busy during World War II. The Royal Air Force (sometimes called RAF, its acronym), is the air force of the United Kingdom. The WRAF became a regular service in 1949, and in April 1994 it was merged with the RAF. The great increase in speed and climb conferred by jet engines pointed to their value in fighters, and it was in this field that reequipment first took place, the early Meteors and Vampires leading on to the Vulcans, Lightnings, and V/STOL (vertical/short take-off and landing) Hawker Harriers of the mid-1960s. Oxford English and Spanish Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Spanish to English Translator A Royal Air Force pilot in the cockpit of a Gloster Gladiator, the last biplane fighter fielded by the Royal Air Force, after a battle with Italian aircraft over Libya, 1940. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. J'étais artilleur de queue à la RAF. Britain maintains one of the longest-running air services in the world with their famous Royal Air Force. Over 100,000 French translations of English words and phrases. The RAF cooperated with the army in the training and transport of parachutists and in towing troop-carrying gliders, whose soldier-pilots flew and landed them in the selected area when cast off by the towing aircraft. United Kingdom Defence … Vickers Wellington, the main British bomber in the early part of World War II. Air Force Ranks. Hitler and Luftwaffe chief Hermann Göring then decided to break the morale of Londoners as they had done to the citizens of Warsaw, Poland, and Rotterdam, Netherlands. In addition, since the United Kingdom was the main base for operations against the Axis forces and was itself under constant threat of air attack, flying training became virtually impossible there, and great numbers of aircrew pupils were sent to Canada, South Africa, and Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) to receive their training at schools specially established for the purpose. The Royal Air Force fending off German bombers during the Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940. Meanwhile, in February 1911 the Admiralty had allowed four naval officers to take a course of flying instruction on airplanes at the Royal Aero Club grounds at Eastchurch, Kent, and in December of that year the first naval flying school was formed there. Military aviation in the United Kingdom dates from 1878, when a series of experiments with balloons was carried out at Woolwich Arsenal in London. Throughout the 1960s and ’70s, Britain’s strategic transport force consisted of Britannias, Belfast long-range freighters, and VC-10 troop transports, each of the last-named capable of carrying 150 men or a number of armoured vehicles. These were grouped as follows: Fighter Command, concerned with home defense, with a small component detached to the expeditionary force in France until that country was overrun in June 1940; Bomber Command, for offensive action in Europe; and Coastal Command, for the protection of maritime routes, under the operational direction of the navy. Despite its reduced size, the RAF remained a potent instrument for projecting British influence across the globe, as demonstrated in wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. With some 35,000 troops and fewer than 150 fixed-wing combat aircraft, the RAF was a smaller, more-focused force than it had been in previous years. Soon, however, specialized types of aircraft were produced for fighting, bombing, reconnaissance, and aerial photography. How to say Marshal of the Royal Air Force. With the completion of 'Project Centurion' upgrades, the Typhoon FGR4 took over ground attack duties from the Panavia Tornado GR4, which was retired on 1 April 2019. British Royal Air Force Harrier GR7a VTOL (vertical takeoff and landing) airplane at the July 17, 2006, Royal International Air Tattoo, Fairford, Gloucestershire, England. Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder developed not only a mobile logistical system but also the technique of leapfrogging squadrons from airfield to airfield so that he always had operational units while others were redeploying. Ranks are shown in ascending order. bab.la arrow_drop_down bab.la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar Toggle navigation One other innovation was the formation of the RAF regiment for the protection of aerodromes against enemy attack. In time this shortfall was addressed with the addition of such planes as the C-17 Globemaster and the C-130 Hercules. overdog. On April 1, 1918, the RNAS and RFC were absorbed into the RAF, which took its place beside the navy and army as a separate service with its own ministry under a secretary of state for air. Some examples of the UK bases are RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland, RAF Valley in Wales, RAF Aldergrove in Northern Ireland and RAF Linton-on Ouse in England. Its headquarters was at South Farnborough, Hampshire, where the balloon factory was located. By the outbreak of World War II, this force possessed a number of highly trained fighter squadrons, which did such good service throughout the war that the prefix “royal” was added to its title at the end of hostilities.

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